Scenario 1-2
Below is a two-way table summarizing the number of cylinders in selected car models manufactured in six different countries in the 1990’s.

	Number of cylinders
	4	5	6	8	Total
France	0	0	1	0	1
Germany	4	1	0	0	5
Italy	1	0	0	0	1
Japan	6	0	1	0	7
Sweden	1	0	1	0	2
U.S.A.	7	0	7	8	22
Total	19	1	10	8	38

Use Scenario 1-2. The percentage of all cars listed in the table with 4-cylinder engines is

The table below shows the results of the New Hampshire Democratic Presidential Primary on  January 8, 2008.

Candidate	Percentage of votes
Hillary Clinton	39
Barack Obama	37
John Edwards	17
Bill Richardson	5
Other	2

Which of the following lists of graphs are all appropriate ways of presenting these data?

Use Figure 1-1. For these data,

Use Figure 1-1. The mean of this histogram is approximately

The ages of people in a college class are as follows:

Age	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	32
Number of students	14	120	200	200	90	30	10	2	1

What is true about the median age?

Which of the following graphs can be used to summarize the data in a two-way table?

Scenario 1-4
Mr. Williams asked the 26 seniors in his statistics class how many A.P. courses they had taken during high school.  Below is a dot plot summarizing the results of his survey.

Use Scenario 1-4. Which of the following is a correct box plot for these data?

The mean age of four people in a room is 30 years.  A new person whose age is 55 years enters the room.  The mean age of the five people now in the room is

You want to use numerical summaries to describe a distribution that is strongly skewed to the left.  Which combination of measure of center and spread would be the best ones to use?

Alexa’s school newspaper publishes an article saying that a poll of 200 male and female students indicated that 60% of the male students did the summer reading, while only 45% of the female students did the summer reading.  Alexa suspects that this is a distortion of the true facts, and that Simpson’s paradox is to blame.  She suspects that grade level (9^th through 12^th) is a lurking variable.  What should she do to investigate her suspicions?

A standard score describes

Scenario 2-1
A sample was taken of the salaries of 20 employees of a large company.  The following are the salaries (in thousands of dollars) for this year.  For convenience, the data are ordered.

28	31	34	35	37	41	42	42	42	47
49	51	52	52	60	61	67	72	75	77

Suppose each employee in the company receives a $3,000 raise for next year (each employee's salary is increased by $3,000).

Use Scenario 2-1. The standard deviation of the salaries for the employees will

Using the standard Normal distribution tables, the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to Z < 1.1 is

Using the standard Normal distribution tables, the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to Z > –1.22 is

You are chatting with the principal of a local high school. The topic of SAT scores comes up, and the principal mentions that SAT scores at the school are Normally distributed. She doesn't remember the mean or the standard deviation, but she does remember that the upper and lower quartiles are 500 and 600. The standard deviation of SAT verbal scores is closest to

Scenario 3-2
The following table and scatter plot present data on wine consumption (in liters per person per year) and death rate from heart attacks (in deaths per 100,000 people per year)  in 19 developed Western countries.

Wine Consumption and Heart Attacks
Country	Alcohol from wine	Heart disease deaths	Country	Alcohol from wine	Heart disease deaths
Australia	2.5	211	Netherlands	1.8	167
Austria	3.9	167	New Zealand	1.9	266
Belgium	2.9	131	Norway	0.8	227
Canada	2.4	191	Spain	6.5	86
Denmark	2.9	220	Sweden	1.6	115
Finland	0.8	297	Switzerland	5.8	285
France	9.1	71	United Kingdom	1.3	199
Iceland	0.8	211	United States	1.2	172
Ireland	0.7	300	West Germany	2.7
Italy	7.9	107

Use Scenario 3-2. The scatterplot shows that

Which of the following are most likely to be negatively correlated?

Consider the following scatter plot of two variables, X and Y.


We may conclude that the correlation between X and Y

Which of the following best describes the correlation r?

Suppose we fit the least-squares regression line to a set of data.  If a plot of the residuals shows a curved pattern,

Scenario 3-7

Below is a scatter plot (with the least squares regression line) for calories and protein (in grams) in one cup of 11 varieties of dried beans.  The computer output for this regression is below the plot.

Use Scenario 3-7. Which of the following best describes what the number S = 3.37648 represents?

Scenario 3-9

A study gathers data on the outside temperature during the winter, in degrees Fahrenheit, and the amount of natural gas a household consumes, in cubic feet per day. Call the temperature x and gas consumption y. The house is heated with gas, so x helps explain y. The least-squares regression line for predicting y from x is:

Use Scenario 3-9. When the temperature goes up 1 degree, what happens to the gas usage predicted by the regression line?

Use Scenario 3-9. What does the number 1344 represent in the equation?

When two coins are tossed, the probability of getting two heads is 0.25. This means that

If I toss a fair coin 5000 times

You are playing a board game with some friends that involves rolling two six-sided dice.  For eight consecutive rolls, the sum on the dice is 6.  Which of the following statements is true?

Suppose there are three cards in a deck, one marked with a 1, one marked with a 2, and one marked with a 5. You draw two cards at random and without replacement from the deck of three cards. The sample space S = {(1, 2), (1, 5), (2, 5)} consists of these three equally likely outcomes. Let X be the sum of the numbers on the two cards drawn. Which of the following is the correct set of probabilities for X?

(A)

X

P(X)

(B)

X

P(X)

(C)

X

P(X)

(D)

X

P(X)

(E)

X

P(X)

1

1/3

3

1/3

3

3/16

3

1/4

1

1/4

2

1/3

6

1/3

6

6/16

6

1/2

2

1/2

5

1/3

7

1/3

7

7/16

7

1/2

5

1/2

Event A has probability 0.4. Event B has probability 0.5.   If A and B are disjoint, then the probability that both events occur is

Scenario 5-2
If you draw an M&M candy at random from a bag of the candies, the candy you draw will have one of six colors. The probability of drawing each color depends on the proportion of each color among all candies made. The table below gives the probability that a randomly chosen M&M had each color before blue M & M’s replaced tan in 1995.

Color	Brown	Red	Yellow	Green	Orange	Tan
Probability	0.3	0.2	?	0.1	0.1	0.1

Use Scenario 5-2. The probability that you do not draw a red candy is

Suppose that A and B are independent events with and . 
is:

Scenario 5-8
A student is chosen at random from the River City High School student body, and the following events are recorded:
M = The student is male
F = The student is female
B = The student ate breakfast that morning.
N = The student did not eat breakfast that morning.
The following tree diagram gives probabilities associated with these events.

Use Scenario 5-8. Given that a student who ate breakfast is selected, what is the probability that he is male?

Each day, Mr. Bayona chooses a one-digit number from a random number table to decide if he will walk to work or drive that day.   The numbers 0 through 3 indicate he will drive, 4 through 9 mean he will walk.  If he drives, he has a probability of 0.1 of being late.  If he walks, his probability of being late rises to 0.25.    Let W = Walk, D = Drive, L = Late, and NL = Not Late.  Which of the following tree diagrams summarizes these probabilities?

Scenario 5-13
One hundred high school students were asked if they had a dog, a cat, or both at home.  Here are the results.

		Dog?		Total
		No	Yes
Cat?	No	74	4	78
	Yes	10	12	22
	Total	84	16	100

Use Scenario 5-13. If a single student is selected at random, what is the probability associated with the union of the events “has a dog” and “does not have a cat?”